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    General Laproscopic Surgery

    Today, laparoscopic surgery is a widely accepted surgical technique that uses small incisions and long pencil-like instruments to perform operations with a camera. As the incisions are much smaller than their open counterparts, recovery is faster and post-operative pain is typically less. Procedures such as hernia repairs, gastric bypass, bowel resection, and organ removal are now routinely carried out laparoscopically.

    Laparoscopic approaches avoid large incisions on the skin and abdominal wall. These techniques avoid having the intestines exposed to the room air during surgery. While not fully understood, laparoscopic approaches cause less systemic inflammation and post-operative intestinal scar tissue.

    Laparoscopic surgery has successfully replaced open surgery as the preferred treatment option for issues such as bariatric surgery and gallbladder removal. In fact this surgery can now be performed as an outpatient operation. The treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease is now carried out using minimally invasive techniques. Laparoscopic fundoplication offers the advantage of faster recovery and quicker return to oral ingestion of food. Laparoscopic surgery for weight loss has caught on in a big way. Laparoscopy has advanced sufficiently to the extent that it can be repeated for a patient who has undergone a previous laparoscopic operation. However, care needs to be taken than organs do not get injured and to this end the entry site may have to be different and an alternate entry technique may have to be used. The risk to benefit ratio of laparoscopic surgery is improving continuously in favor of benefits.

    Some reasons for diagnostic laparoscopy are: • unexplained pelvic pain • unexplained infertility • A history of pelvic infection